The prevalence of colorectal cancer in Vietnam is on the rise, making it a common type of cancer in the country. Fortunately, there are several screening methods available to detect this disease early. These include stool tests such as fecal occult blood tests (FOBT), fecal immunochemical tests (FIT), and fecal DNA tests.
The FOBT is used to detect hidden blood in a patient’s stool sample, which may be a symptom of colorectal cancer. The FIT uses antibodies to identify small amounts of blood in a stool sample collected at home. Stool DNA testing looks for abnormal DNA fragments that may be released from cancer cells or polyps, helping determine if a patient has colorectal cancer or precancerous conditions.
Colonoscopy is considered the “gold standard” for screening and diagnosing colorectal cancer. It involves examining the colon and rectum using a flexible scope with modern endoscopic equipment being used to recognize and treat pre-cancerous lesions or tumors in the gastrointestinal tract. Endoscopy requires patients to fast for a short period before the procedure to ensure accurate results.
Advanced endoscopic methods such as submucosal dissection (ESD) and submucosal resection (EMR) can effectively treat early-stage colorectal cancer without requiring additional support. Endoscopic treatment has become an alternative to surgical resection, preserving gastrointestinal function and improving quality of life for patients. Timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment are critical for improving survival and quality of life in colorectal cancer patients.
Several risk factors increase the likelihood of developing colorectal cancer, including obesity, a diet high in red meat, smoking, alcohol abuse, lack of physical exercise, among others. Endoscopy can screen for polyps that may lead to colorectal cancer and remove them before they develop into full-blown tumors. Regular follow-up care is crucial for managing this disease and improving prognosis and quality of life.
It is essential to consult with a doctor about which screening method is best suited for your needs and develop an appropriate treatment plan based on your individual case’s severity level.
